War Of 1812 Facts History Summary Causes Effects And A Timeline

The War of 1812 was a major war succeeding the American Revolution.The war was fought between the United States of America and Great Britain. Americans were angry with Britain for many reasons.The British violation of the Treaty of Paris and the exploitation of American seamen agitated Americans. Great Britain also continued to aid Native American colonies and did not sign commercial agreements with the U.S. All of these reasons led to the War of 1812. More than 35,000 people lost their lives, were heavily wounded, or went missing after the War of 1812.The United States and its indigenous allies suffered severely at the hands of the British. Places like York (Present-day Toronto), Niagara, as well as the nation’s capital Washington, D.C. were burned down. The British soldiers captured the capitol building and held Washington, D.C. for 26 hours. This revolutionary war was the only time in American history when a foreign military captured the capitol.The public support of the War of 1812 lessened with the fall of Napoleon. Even though Great Britain benefited from the war, many war advocates including the British Government and military wanted to sign a treaty without demanding any territory.American forces also wanted to retract their troops and conclude the war since it pushed the Americans to face massive amounts of foreign debt. The British and the Americans vouched for a status quo ante bellum agreement, meaning they wanted to restore the borders exactly how they were before the war.Who won the War of 1812?The War of 1812 was a long battle between the United States of America and Great Britain. The war started when the U.S. declared war on Great Britain and it finally ended when both parties signed the Treaty of Ghent.The war resulted in peace between the two parties for more than two centuries. Since it ended with signing a peace treaty, the main result of the war was declared inconclusive. After the War of 1812, both American and British officials were satisfied with the ends results, this is because both groups emerged victorious in the war. In the final battle, the Battle of New Orleans, Americans emerged victorious which further confirmed their mark as a truly independent nation.Great Britain at that time was also at war with France, which was more significant for them. They emerged victorious in the Battle of Waterloo. Canadians also gained a sense of pride since they readily defended and survived American invasions. Overall the war seemed to satisfy more or less each party involved. Yet there was one group that suffered from all sides, they truly lost the battle.The only group that genuinely suffered were Native Americans, the British forces removed their British troops from Native American lands and they were eventually overtaken by the American settlers. The war officially ended when the Treaty of Ghent was signed. The Treaty of Ghent was signed on Christmas Eve of 1814, but the war proactively continued until February 1815.The War Of 1812 Battles The War of 1812 went on for three years, it finally ended on February 18, 1815. Many battles took place on American land between the British and Americans but it finally ended with the signing of the Treaty of Ghent.Some of the notable battles are still remembered and their remnants can be observed even today. The War of 1812 started 29 years after the U.S. war for independence. Americans declared war against the British, who were backed by Canadians and Native Americans. A very important battle from the War of 1812 was the Battle of Queenston Heights. It was fought on October 13, 1812, and was one of the most popular battles of the war. This battle was mainly fought to invade a part of the Niagara escarpment near Queenston and more than 1,000 soldiers crossed into Upper Canada (modern Ontario).The American troops encircled the British from all sides, a renowned British military leader, Issac Brock, died during the counterattack. The war was a counterpart of the Napoleonic Wars that took place in Europe at that time. The Battle of Queenston Heights resulted from Issac Brock’s victory against the U.S. in Detroit and the capturing of Detroit. However, instead of ending things, the war got worse with the battle of Queenston Heights. Americans hoped to get an early start by invading Canada but the war effort of America did not pay off and this battle marks one of the major defeats for the American military.In 1813, Americans tried to pull off an intricate battle in Montreal by using the help of both American sailors and soldiers, but their plan of combined attack failed. One major event of the war was the destruction of the British fleet by Oliver Hazard Perry on Lake Erie in September 1813. This forced the British Navy to retreat their forces from Detroit and in October they were overtaken by Americans in the Battle of the Thames led by William Henry Harrison. Although Americans emerged victorious in many battles, things started to appear bleak for them in 1814. The British could devote larger numbers of men and ships to the states after their war with France ended.The Royal Navy chalked out a brilliant three-pronged attack strategy that focused on controlling the major waterways. Seizing the Hudson River in New York would seal off New England, attacking New Orleans would block the Mississippi River waterways, and finally, the British hoped to threaten the capitol by controlling the Chesapeake Bay. By this time, the war-associated costs for Americans skyrocketed and the military could barely continue fighting.New England was almost seceding from the union. The situation was so bleak for the United States of America that the British entered Washington, D.C. after winning the Battle of Bladensburg and burnt almost the entire city, including the White House. President Madison and his wife had to flee last minute in order to survive these hostilities. A few days later, Fort McHenry was bombarded.However, Americans held a strong opposition and the British were defeated in the Battle of Baltimore Harbor. The British were forced to pull away from the city. Captain Thomas Macdonough went with American ships to fight the British in the naval Battle of Lake Champlain and successfully defeated their fleet. Fearing that the Royal Navy would stop providing them supplies, British soldiers retreated to Canada.The glorious victory in the final and the major battle of the War of 1812, the Battle of New Orleans, is the main reason why Americans celebrate the end of this war. Even though the Treaty of Ghent was signed already, it did not become effective till February 1815, and nor did its news reach the battlefront. The Battle of New Orleans was guided by General Andrew Jackson and it resulted in 700 deaths of British soldiers, versus only 13 American causalities. The Battle of New Orleans did not have any effect since it was fought after signing the treaty, but this win gave Americans the confidence to rebuild their government.The War Of 1812 Timeline The timeline of the War of 1812 allows you to explore significant events that took place.November 4, 1811- The Congress War Hawks convened the officials for a warNovember 9, 1811-The Battle of TippecanoeJune 18, 1812- The United States declared war on Great Britain.June 22, 1812- An angry mob in Baltimore destroyed an anti-war media house.July 12, 1812- Willian Hull assumed the reign of Canada from Detroit.August 15, 1812- British forces bombarded Detroit and General Hull moved there.August 16, 1812- Hull surrendered Detroit to the British.October 13, 1812- The British-Canadian allied forces, winning the Battle of Queenston Heights.December 28, 1812- Willian Henry Harrison steps down as Governor to assume responsibilities of Brigadier General.January 9, 1813- Great Britain declares war on the United States.January 18, 1813- Americans sailed to Frenchtown, Michigan.January 22, 1813- The River Raisin Massacre, more the 40 American soldiers died in the Battle of River Raisin.February 22, 1813- Battle of OgdensburgMarch 4, 1813- James Madison sits as the President in Washington, D.C.April 23, 1813- York (modern Toronto) was attacked. General Zebulon Pike died in this attack.May 1, 1813- Americans retreat from York and Fort Meig was seized.May 29, 1813- Battle of Sackets HarborJune 22, 1813- Battle of Craney IslandJune 24, 1813- Battle of Beaver DamsAugust 10, 1813- Battle of St. MichaelsSeptember 10, 1813- Battle of Lake ErieOctober 5, 1813- Battle of the ThamesNovember 11, 1813- Battle of Crysler’s FarmNovember 29, 1813- Battle of AutosseeDecember 19, 1813- Fort Niagara was capturedApril 4, 1814- Napolean surrenders to Great Britain and is exiled off the coast of Tuscany.July 3, 1814- Americans marched to capture Fort Erie.July 5, 1814- Battle of ChippawaJuly 25, 1814- One of the most violent battles, the Battle of Lundy’s Lane took place.August 8, 1814-Separate peace negotiations started between the parties.August 24, 1814- Battle of BladensburgAugust 27, 1814- Torching of the US capital, Washington, D.C.September 6, 1814- Battle of PlattsburghSeptember 11, 1814- Battle of Lake ChamplainSeptember 12, 1814- Battle of North PointSeptember 13, 1814- Fort McHenry was bombardedNovember 6, 1814- Battle of Malcolm’s MillsNovember 9, 1814- Battle of PensacolaDecember 1, 1814- Peace seekers reconvene at Ghent.December 24, 1814- The Treaty of Ghent is signed.December 28, 1814- The treaty was ratified by the British.January 8, 1815- Battle of New OrleansFebruary 16, 1815- The Treaty of Ghent was ratified by the United States.February 18, 1815- The Treaty of Ghent was declared to democratic republicans marking the end of the War of 1812.When did the War of 1812 end?The War of 1812 lasted until 1814, once the Treaty of Ghent was signed. Since February 1815, the two forces have maintained peace for over two centuries.Another reason why the war ended peacefully was because the British’s main agenda was to defeat France. The British grew tired of the expense and sacrifice due to the prolonged battle against the French and wanted to end the minor battle against the United States, which was losing British support.After Napoleon fell to the British and they captured French colonies, the trade restrictions were eased off. This was another reason the war with America ended. Negotiation and peace talks for settling the dispute started in 1814 and ended with the Treaty of Ghent. This treaty did not cause much change for its signatories, it restored the pre-war scenarios.However, for Native Americans, this treaty came with a terrible legacy. They fought alongside the British army to resist the American expansion just to be utterly disappointed in the end. Without the support of Great Britain, the native power weakened and they fell to the U.S.

The War of 1812 was a major war succeeding the American Revolution.